eBooks de Historia de la ciencia, página 21 de 62

In "The History of Chemistry (The Complete Two-Volume Edition)," Thomas Thomson offers a comprehensive exploration of the evolution of chemical science from its ancient roots to the early 19th century. Thomsons narrative style deftly combines rigorous scholarship with engaging prose, making complex scientific developments accessible to a broader readership. The work situates chemistry within the context of significant historical events and intellectual movements, illuminating the interplay between scientific progress and societal change, and featuring key figures like Antoine Lavoisier and Joseph Priestley whose contributions were pivotal to the field. Thomas Thomson, a Scottish chemist and founding figure in the field of chemistry, brings personal insight and expertise to this historical analysis. His experiences in the nascent scientific community of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, alongside his tenure as a professor, deeply informed his understanding of the transformative processes within the discipline. Thomsons commitment to both education and the advancement of scientific thought underscores the importance of historical context in grasping the development of chemistry as a discipline. This work is highly recommended for anyone interested in the history of science, as it not only chronicles the milestones of chemistry but also encourages readers to appreciate the disciplines profound impact on modern society. Whether youre a student, educator, or a general reader drawn to scientific history, Thomsons comprehensive text is an indispensable resource that deepens our understanding of the scientific enterprise.

The writer, having been ill in the early part of 1869, was advised by physicians and friends to try the effect of foreign travel; but in what direction it was difficult to decide. With every suggestion of experienced friends there would arise some association of fatigue in sight-seeing, of monotony in resting long in one place. Pleasant as it would be to nestle in some quiet nook in Switzerland, or to take up an abode in one of the Channel Islands,Alderney, for example, where there would be much to gratify curiosity, and where the distance from the centres of information would not be great,the thought of being confined to one place or even district of country, or of being tempted to visit interesting scenes, and especially to make the acquaintance of interesting men, awakened such anticipations of labor as to forbid any hope of restoration from that source.

La nostra bella scienza e? inutile dissimularlo non e? riuscita ancora a fondersi intimamente con la nostra cultura e a diventarne un elemento essenziale. La scienza si studia piu? o meno largamente in tutte le scuole, ma la nostra cultura rimane ostinatamente filosoco-letteraria. Il fatto e? dovuto, tra laltro, allo stesso progresso scientico che rende la scienza inaccessibile o quasi ai non iniziati e anche, purtroppo, allisolamento in cui si compiacciono, in generale, di chiudersi gli scienziati; alla mancanza, nel campo della storia della scienza, di un critico geniale paragonabile al De Sanctis e soprattutto alla scarsissima simpatia che hanno per la scienza i nostri principali loso, che sono i veri direttori della nostra cultura. Tutte le teorie della scienza da loro sostenute, da quelle che proclamano che la scienza e? tutto a quelle che ammettono che essa e? soltanto qualcosa o qualcosa dinferiore, sono costruite su pochissime nozioni scientiche di cui il filosofo ha appena una vaghissima notizia; e quindi, se hanno la loro importanza per comprendere il pensiero del filosofo, non possono in nessun modo aiutarci a comprendere, ad amare, a fare la scienza. I nostri filosofi fanno con la piu? superba sicurezza la teoria della scienza ma questo non signica minimamente che essi conoscano tutta quanta la scienza; non ne conoscono, e se ne vantano, nemmeno gli elementi.

Toutes nos notions, toute la science, toute la vie pratique elle-même sont fondées sur la représentation que nous nous faisons des aspects successifs des choses. Notre esprit, aidé par nos sens, clas

Cari figli, nipoti, bisnipoti e cosi via, pensando a voi mi sono adoperato per far si che poteste avere un cospicuo conto in banca, una buona dotazione di edifici e di macchinari e tanti oggetti da consumare. Vi lascio anche un po di scorie radioattive che al momento non so bene come gestire, ma che, non ho dubbi, saprete neutralizzare in futuro. Pensate a me quando affronterete il problema.

Un Livre Définitif Sur lÉvolution du Cerveau À Chaque Étape de la VieLe résumé incontournable de "We Are Our Brains: A Neurobiography of the Brain from the Womb to Alzheimers", par D. F. Swaab.Dans N

Everyone has some acquaintance with the animals that are grouped by naturalists under the name Crustacea. The edible Crabs, Lobsters, Prawns, and Shrimps, are at least superficially familiar, either as brought to the table or as displayed in the fishmongers, and the most unobservant of seaside visitors must have had his attention attracted by living specimens of some of the more obtrusive species, such as the common Shore Crab. Many, however, will be surprised to learn that the Barnacles coating the rocks on the seashore, the Sand-hoppers of the beach, and the Woodlice of our gardens, are members of the same class. Still less is it suspected, by those who have not given special attention to the subject, that the living species of the group number many thousands, presenting strange diversities of structure and habits, and playing important parts in the general economy of Nature.

When, more than six years ago, I was writing my Treatise of Cosmic Physics, I found myself confronted with great difficulties. The views then held would not explain many phenomena, and they failed in particular in cosmogonic problems. The radiation pressure of light, which had not, so far, been heeded, seemed to give me the key to the elucidation of many obscure problems, and I made a large use of this force in dealing with those phenomena in my treatise.The explanations which I tentatively offered could, of course, not claim to stand in all their detail; yet the scientific world received them with unusual interest and benevolence. Thus encouraged, I tried to solve more of the numerous important problems, and in the present volume I have added some further sections to the complex of explanatory arguments concerning the evolution of the Universe. The foundation to these explanations was laid in a memoir which I presented to the Academy of Sciences at Stockholm in 1900. The memoir was soon afterwards printed in the Physikalische Zeitschrift, and the subject was further developed in my Treatise of Cosmic Physics.

Geoffrey Chaucer, born in London most likely around 1340, was an English poet, author, philosopher, scientist, diplomat and politician. He has been called the father of English literature, or, alternatively, the father of English poetry, but he should be considered, in a broader sense, for the breadth of his interests and the richness of his works, the father of English Humanism.He is seen as crucial in legitimising the literary use of Middle English when the dominant literary languages in England were still Anglo-Norman French and Latin.Parallel to his activity as a prolific writer, he maintained a career in the civil service as a bureaucrat, courtier, diplomat, comptroller of the customs for the port of London and member of parliament.Chaucers Treatise on the Astrolabe, addressed in 1391 to his ten old son Lowys, is considered the oldest work in English written upon an elaborate scientific instrument or the first example of technical writing in the English language. It describes the form and use of the astrolabe in detail and it indicates that Chaucer was versed in science in addition to his literary and philosophical talents.With a preface by Boris Yousef.

In "On Laboratory Arts," Richard Threlfall offers an intricate examination of the evolution of laboratory practices through a historical lens, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in scientific advancement. The book deftly intertwines personal anecdotes with rigorous analysis, employing a narrative style that is both accessible and intellectually stimulating. Threlfall explores the intersection of art and science, illustrating how the aesthetic dimensions of laboratory work can inform methodologies and foster innovation, while placing the discussion within the broader context of contemporary scientific discourse. Richard Threlfall, a distinguished scholar in the field of science studies, has dedicated much of his career to exploring the synergies between the arts and sciences. His background in both chemistry and philosophy provides a unique perspective that informs his writing. Threlfalls previous works have established him as a thought leader on the role of creativity in scientific inquiry, making him particularly well-equipped to tackle the complexities presented in "On Laboratory Arts." This book is a must-read for anyone interested in the multifaceted nature of scientific practice. Threlfalls insights will resonate with researchers, educators, and students alike, encouraging them to reconsider the traditional boundaries between the arts and sciences. Through this compelling argument, readers will discover a refreshing perspective on the vital role that creativity plays in laboratory work and scientific progress.

In "Finger Prints," Francis Galton delves into the intricate world of fingerprint analysis, pioneering a field that would become foundational in forensic science. Published in 1892, the book combines meticulous scientific observation with engaging prose, reflecting the Victorian eras fascination with empiricism and human individuality. Galton presents a comprehensive classification system for fingerprints, establishing their uniqueness as a means of personal identification, and argues for their application in criminal investigations. His synthesis of statistical methods and biological principles embodies the emerging scientific approach of the time, making the text a critical contribution to both criminology and biometric studies. Francis Galton, a polymath and a cousin of Charles Darwin, was profoundly influenced by the scientific advancements of his era. His interests spanned a variety of fields, including psychology, anthropology, and eugenics. Galtons background in statistics enabled him to analyze and interpret data effectively, culminating in a work that expresses his fascination with heredity and human differences. This book emerges from his overarching aim to apply scientific rigor to social issues, a hallmark of his broader career. "Finger Prints" is a must-read for anyone interested in the intersection of science, law, and society. It invites readers to explore the evolution of forensic science while presenting Galtons visionary ideas that continue to resonate today. Whether you are a student of criminology, psychology, or history, this seminal work will enhance your understanding of the crucial role fingerprints play in the legal system, making it a vital addition to your library.

In "Novum Organum; Or, True Suggestions for the Interpretation of Nature," Francis Bacon embarks on a transformative journey, championing the empirical method and laying the groundwork for modern scientific inquiry. This seminal work critiques traditional Aristotelian philosophy, advocating instead for a systematic approach to experimentation and observation. Bacons literary style is incisive and pragmatic, infused with a sense of urgency for intellectual progressan urgency that reflects the early 17th-century milieu marked by the Scientific Revolution. Through his innovative syllogisms and the dedication to challenging dogma, Bacon seeks to reconstruct the foundations of knowledge, emphasizing the necessity of inductive reasoning over deductive logic. Francis Bacon, often heralded as the father of empiricism, was deeply influenced by his experiences in a rapidly evolving intellectual landscape. A distinguished philosopher and statesman, Bacons political career and his broad interests in sciences and humanities shaped his outlook on the pursuit of knowledge. His encounters with various disciplines fueled his conviction that the natural world could be understood through careful observation and methodical experimentation, leading him to pen this pivotal work that straddles philosophy and scientific thought. "Novum Organum" is indispensable for anyone interested in the history of science, philosophy, or the evolution of human thought. Bacons assertions resonate with contemporary readers, urging them to question established truths and embrace curiosity. This book not only serves as a historical document but also as a powerful call to action for modern intellectuals seeking to understand the complexities of nature.

In "Charles Lyell and Modern Geology," T. G. Bonney provides an in-depth analysis of Charles Lyells transformative contributions to geology during the 19th century. Bonney artfully weaves a narrative that highlights Lyells principles of uniformitarianism, arguing for the slow, gradual processes that shaped the Earths surface. The book employs a meticulous literary style, combining historical context with a critical examination of Lyells work, thus situating it within the broader scientific discourse of the time. Bonneys engaging prose ensures that readers not only grasp the scientific concepts but also appreciate their historical significance. As a prominent geologist and educator, T. G. Bonney was profoundly influenced by the scientific landscape of his era, including the debates surrounding evolution and natural science. His extensive background and personal admiration for Lyells work propelled him to explore and elucidate the geologists pivotal role in shaping modern geological thought. Bonneys own experiences in academia and fieldwork provide a rich framework for understanding Lyells influence and the evolution of geological science. This book is essential for anyone interested in geology, history of science, or the foundational theories that continue to shape our understanding of the Earth. Bonneys insightful narrative not only honors Lyells legacy but also invites readers to engage with the complexities of geological science, making it a valuable addition to both academic and personal collections.In this enriched edition, we have carefully created added value for your reading experience:- A succinct Introduction situates the works timeless appeal and themes.- The Synopsis outlines the central plot, highlighting key developments without spoiling critical twists.- A detailed Historical Context immerses you in the eras events and influences that shaped the writing.- A thorough Analysis dissects symbols, motifs, and character arcs to unearth underlying meanings.- Reflection questions prompt you to engage personally with the works messages, connecting them to modern life.- Handpicked Memorable Quotes shine a spotlight on moments of literary brilliance.- Interactive footnotes clarify unusual references, historical allusions, and archaic phrases for an effortless, more informed read.

In "The Coming of Evolution," John W. Judd explores the transformative notions of evolutionary theory that emerged during the late 19th century, a period marked by an unprecedented interest in both science and philosophy. Blending rigorous scientific analysis with accessible prose, Judd effectively elucidates the complexities of natural selection, geological processes, and the gradual adaptation of species. His narrative is rooted in a rich literate context that spans the Enlightenment to Darwinian thought, establishing a bridge between descriptive natural history and the emerging scientific methodologies of his time. John W. Judd, a geologist whose work aligns with the intellectual fervor of his era, was deeply influenced by the scientific advancements and philosophical debates surrounding evolution. His expertise in geology not only lends credibility to his assertions but also reflects his belief in the interconnectivity of the Earths physical history with biological development. This profound understanding of both geology and biology shaped his perspective, prompting him to write this book, which engages with the pivotal shifts in scientific thought. "The Coming of Evolution" is an essential reading for anyone intrigued by the origins of evolutionary theory and its implications. Judds synthesis of scientific inquiry and philosophical discourse offers readers an enlightening perspective on how evolutionary thought emerged and evolved. This work serves as both a historical account and a critical analysis that resonates with contemporary discussions in biology and the philosophy of science.

Benjamin Franklins "Experiments and Observations on Electricity Made at Philadelphia in America" stands as a landmark contribution to the early understanding of electrical phenomena in the 18th century. Written in an accessible yet scientifically rigorous style, Franklins work amalgamates methodical experimentation with narrative flair, appealing to both the learned and the lay reader. The text is distinguished for its firsthand accounts of groundbreaking experiments, including the famous kite experiment, which not only illuminated the nature of electricity but also laid foundational principles for its study, ushering in an era of scientific inquiry during the Enlightenment. Benjamin Franklin, a polymath known for his insatiable curiosity and innovative spirit, explored many fields, from politics to printing. His experiences as a statesman, inventor, and scientist provided him with a unique perspective that deeply influenced his approach to scientific discourse. Franklins engagement with contemporary scientific thought, coupled with his own inventive experiments, reflects a desire to bridge technical knowledge with everyday life, making the complexities of science accessible to a broader audience. I highly recommend "Experiments and Observations on Electricity" to anyone intrigued by the origins of electrical science and its implications for modern technology. Franklins narrative not only educates but also inspires, embodying the spirit of inquiry that continues to drive scientific progress today.

In "History of Astronomy," George Forbes meticulously traces the evolution of astronomical thought from ancient civilizations through to the dawn of modern science. This groundbreaking work employs a narrative style that seamlessly intertwines rigorous scientific analysis with engaging historical context, making the complexities of celestial phenomena accessible to both lay readers and specialists. Forbes examines pivotal moments in the history of astronomy, such as the contributions of Copernicus, Galileo, and Kepler, while also highlighting the cultural and philosophical underpinnings that shaped their groundbreaking discoveries. His exploration sets the discipline of astronomy against the backdrop of the prevailing intellectual currents of the times, thereby emphasizing its socio-historical significance. George Forbes, a distinguished astronomer and historian, was deeply influenced by the scientific advancements of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which fueled his curiosity about the cosmos. His educational background in both physics and history provided him with a unique perspective, allowing him to bridge the gap between technical astronomical knowledge and its historical narrative. Forbess passion for astronomy, coupled with his commitment to preserving its rich legacy, ignited the inspiration for this ambitious project, culminating in a text that resonates with scholars and enthusiasts alike. For anyone seeking to deepen their understanding of the cosmos and its historical context, Forbess "History of Astronomy" is an essential read. By contextualizing astronomical discoveries within their historical moments, this work not only educates but also inspires a profound appreciation for the cosmos and humanitys quest to understand it. Whether a scholar, student, or casual reader, you will find yourself captivated by the tales of human ingenuity and curiosity that have shaped our understanding of the universe.

Despite the current technological advancement, agriculture being a vital source of livelihood, was essentially dependent on weather and climate, and is adversely affected by the weather and climate related extreme events. Over the past few decades, extreme events such as droughts, floods, storms, tropical cyclones and forest fires have destroyed economic and social infrastructure and at the same time endangered food security. The agricultural sector is affected through the impact on water resources, damage to crops, rangelands and forests due to incidence of droughts, locust plagues and wilde and fires. Given the current recognition of the importance of preparedness to cope with risks and uncertainties associated with climate extremes, it is important to develop suitable and sustainable strategies to alleviate the impact of natural disasters on crop productivity. Improved forecast accuracy and more focused information on the location, intensity and duration of climate extremes could underpin efforts to implement more effective risk management strategies. It is crucial that governments exercise their sovereign responsibility to prepare and issue early warnings of extreme events in a timely and effective manner to reduce their impact on agricultural production. While natural hazards may not be avoided, integration of risk assessment and early warnings, prevention and mitigation measures including community capacity building and livelihood strategies, can prevent them from becoming disasters. There is also a need to develop locally agrometeorological adaptation strategies to reduce the effect of natural disasters especially in vulnerable regions where food and fibre production is most sensitive and vulnerable to climatic fluctuations. This proposed book based on state of the art knowledge on the science and application of agricultural meteorology needed to better cope with extreme climate events, should be of interest to all organizations and agencies engaged in planning disaster reduction strategies and management for prevention and mitigation of extreme events. The publication will also be of equal interest to the agrometeorologists of the National Meteorological and Hydrological Services of the countries throughout the globe as well as to the agricultural planners, meteorologists associated with public weather services, forest fire forecasters, and the various departments of governments concerned with agriculture and food production.Contents:1. Agrometeorology in Extreme Events and Natural Disasters An Overview2. Drought and Desertification3. Irrigation Scheduling to Combat Moisture Deficit in Plants4. Heavy Rains, Floods, Hail and Snow and their Impact on Agriculture5. Tropical Cyclones, Storm Surges, Thunderstorms, Tornadoes and Squalls: Implications for Agriculture6. Agrometeorology Related to Extreme Temperatures, Heat Waves and Frost7. Wind Storms and Sand/Dust Storms and their Effect on Environment and Plants8. Forest- and Bush-Fire and their Impact on the Environment9. Pests and Diseases of Crops and Livestock10. Environmental and Agricultural Implications of Earthquakes, Tsunamis and Volcanic Eruptions11. Community Capacity Building and Livelihood Strategies in Disaster Management and Mitigation of Adverse Impacts on Agricultural Sector12. Role of Agricultural Chemicals on Soil, Water and Air Pollution and their Effects on Plants, Livestock and Aquatic Systems13. Climate Change, Extreme Events and Change in Cry...

In this book, all the chapters adequately cover the basic concepts of Engineering Mechanics with maximum emphasis on solving the problems in a lucid manner so that average student can understand easily. Although the author does not claim complete originality, an attempt is made that the book is self sufficient eliminating the need for reference to other books. S.I. units have been used for numerical problems however in chapters dealing with Centroids and Moment of Inertia some dimensions are in milli meters.Syllabus covered in this book caters not only to the needs of Mechanical, Civil, Production, Automobile, Mechatronics and Aeronautical Engineering students of JNTUH but students of all Universities. The problems solved are useful for students preparing for IES, GATE and all other competitive examinations.Contents:1. Introductory Concepts2. System of Force3. Equilibrium of Force System4. Analysis of Structures5. Friction6. Centroids7. Moment of Inertia8. Virtual Work9. Kinematics of Particle10. General Principles of Dynamics11. Kinetics of Particles12. Kinematics of Rigid Bodies13. Mechanical Vibration14. Work Energy Method15. Impulse and Momentum

Pharmaceutical biochemistry is a much-awaited book in the field of Pharmacy. Targeted mainly to B. Pharmacy & Pharm-D students, this book will also be useful for medical, dental, nursing, and other paramedical students. The main objective of this book is to attract undergraduate pharmacy students and make them understand the basic biochemical process which can be applied in Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacology. Thus, the book is aimed to eliminate the inadequacy in teaching and learning Pharmaceutical Biochemistry by providing detailed information about the biomolecules and their metabolic process.Salient Features: · As per the PCI revised syllabus the coverage is complete with the basics as well as 2nd semester B. Pharm and 1st-year Pharm-D portion. · The content of this book is innovative and presented in 12 chapters with a simple and uniform pattern of explanation along with all biochemical reactions. · To make the learning comfortable and magnetize attention we have used well-labeled diagrams, illustrations, flow charts, simplified and schematic represented biomolecule classification. We have also provided metabolic pathways in an easy-to-understand manner highlighted with chemical structure, type of reaction, energy, and inhibitors, and a detailed and simplified explanation of all biochemical reactions. · Highlighted structural changes in each and every step of biochemical reaction and Metabolic pathway illustration without structure also included for easy revision. · Easy remembrance of enzyme name from the reason behind the naming. · Student-friendly schematic representation of principles for biochemical tests and flow chart representation of a procedure for biochemical tests.Contents:Part I: Basic Biochemistry1. Introduction to Biochemistry2. EnzymesPart II: Biomolecules & its metabolism3. Carbohydrates & Its Metabolism4. Lipids & Its Metabolism5. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism6. Nucleic Acid & Its MetabolismPart III: Clinical Biochemistry7. Introduction to Clinical Chemistry8. Kidney Function Tests or Renal Function Tests9. Liver Function Test10. Lipid Profile Tests11. Immunochemical Techniques12. Water, Electrolytes and Acid-base Balance

Dieses Buch gibt Ihnen einen kurzen und verstandlichen Einstieg in das Themengebiet Tierschutzrecht in der Landwirtschaft. Es richtet sich ausdrucklich - aber nicht ausschlielich - an tierhaltende Landwirte. Lesen Sie alles uber die allgemeinen tierschutzrechtlichen Grundlagen und die tierartenspezifischen Regelungen. Daruber hinaus werden Ihnen die Rechtsgrundlagen im Zusammenhang mit der Schlachtung und dem Tiertransport vorgestellt. Es wird auerdem erklart, welche Konsequenzen sich aus Verstoen gegen das Tierschutzrecht ergeben konnen und wie die zustandigen Behorden arbeiten. Komplexe Rechtstexte werden in verstandlicher Sprache erklart.