eBooks de Historia antigua universal, página 10 de 50

During Egypts Eighteenth Dynasty (ca. 1550-1292 BCE), the New Kingdom pharaohs campaigned repeatedly in Syria and the Levant, establishing political control over much of the region. As a result of these conquests, the rulers of Levantine city-states sent letters written in Akkadian in the cuneiform script on clay tablets to the Egyptian pharaohs. So, too, did the kings of the other great geopolitical powers of the time--Assyria, Babylonia, Hatti, and Mittani--maintain an active diplomatic correspondence with Egypts pharaohs. Beginning in the nineteenth century CE, local farmers and, later, archaeologists working at Akhetaten (modern Tell el-Amarna), the one-time Egyptian capital, discovered remnants of this correspondence, mostly dating to the reigns of Amenhotep III (ca. 1388-1350 BCE) and his son and successor Akhenaten (ca. 1350-1333 BCE), with some dating to Tutankhamun (ca. 1333-1323). This is a period of increasing friction as the great powers sought to extend their borders. The Amarna Letters thus illuminate a pivotal point in Egypts foreign relations during the Late Bronze Age. Even though they provide us with a narrow window of only about thirty years time (1358-1325 BCE), they are an important witness to the general nature of Egypts diplomatic relations during the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Dynasties. This new, digitally borne edition of the Amarna Letters offers the first complete collection of the letters with responsible transliterations that have been checked against available photographs and hand copies; clear and consistent translations; and an up-to-date and extensive bibliography. As such it is, and will remain, an essential resource.

This book is loaded with stories of the lives of the ancient Egyptians, their gods, and some of the greatest myths in antiquity. The gods played an important role in peoples lives; you might be surprised to see how much they impacted everyday life! On every page of this book, you will find yourself on an exciting journey to one of the most influential kingdoms in history. Inside you will read about... A timeline for ancient egypt Historical egypt The myth of creation The pantheon of gods Mythology in day to day ancient egypt The central role of the temple and some temple rituals Sources of the history of egyptian mythology The underworld and life after death Pyramids and their locations A great number of african folktales have been transmitted orally from person to person down through the ages, but since the nineteenth century, many stories have been written down and transmitted to audiences beyond the boundaries of the cultures that created them. One importantand tragicconduit for the transmission of these stories beyond african shores was the european slave trade. Captured africans who were brought to the americas and the caribbean fought to keep alive what they could of their home cultures, and this included their folktale traditions.

"Pois a justiça é uma virtude política e, pelassuas regras, o Estado é regulado, e tais regrassão o critério do que é correto."Um dos grandes clássicos da filosofia, Política,de Aristóteles, é um tra

Explore a fascinante evolução das primeiras ferramentas de pedra, as incríveis pinturas rupestres que nos dão um vislumbre da vida pré-histórica e a dinâmica vida nômade dos nossos ancestrais. Este l

Explore a vida do Profeta Maomé, a formação dos califados e a expansão do Islã. Este livro oferece uma visão detalhada das origens e do crescimento de uma das maiores religiões do mundo.

Acompanhe a ascensão e queda dos Fenícios, Gregos e Cartagineses, explorando suas contribuições para o comércio, a filosofia e a guerra. Este livro oferece uma análise profunda dessas civilizações ma

Descubra as civilizações antigas que formaram a base da sociedade moderna. Da Mesopotâmia ao Egito Antigo e à Civilização do Vale do Indo, este livro mergulha nas contribuições culturais, tecnológica

Reviva as épicas Guerras Púnicas, a conquista da Gália por Júlio César e a expansão do Império Romano. Este livro detalha as estratégias militares, as batalhas decisivas e as figuras históricas que d

Esta é a história de Messalina, terceira esposa do imperador Cláudio e uma das mulheres mais notórias do Império Romano, com tradução de Ana Maria Fiorini e revisão técnica de Sarah Fernandes Lino de

TEMIDA, AMBICIOSA E ESTRATEGISTA, CLEÓPATRA FEZ ALIADOS E RECONSTRUIU UM EGITO EM COLAPSO.Desde os primórdios, mulheres poderosas convivem com estereótipos ligados à sensualidade. Com Cleópatra não f

Palmyra was a unique place within the Roman Empire. The city, located in a Syrian oasis, preserved a culture and social organization of its own distinct character. It was closely intertwined with a larger region that extended beyond the boundaries of the Empire. Its livelihood was sustained through long-distance trade, not through agriculture or the production of commodities. And the people of Palmyra remained identifiable and distinguishable as Palmyrenes even when they left the oasis and established a life far from their homeland. Therefore, one can rightly speak of a Palmyrene diaspora, of which this e-book provides the first in-depth study.

Until the mid-nineteenth century the Western medical tradition rested firmly on the foundations established in Classical Greece and later transmitted throughout the Roman Empire.Against this long and complex background, including both religious and magical medicine, Audrey Cruse looks at the many different aspects of medicine and health in the Roman Empire, especially Roman Britain.

CONHEÇA A CAMPANHA QUE DETERMINOU O FUTURO DE ROMAApós o assassinato de César, dois homens poderosos permanceram em Roma: Marco Antônio, aliado de César, e o filho adotivo do falecido déspota, o jove

The period of the Julio-Claudian principate, with Romes transition from Republic to Empire and the rise of an imperial dynasty, marks a fascinating episode of historical change in Roman history. It saw the establishment and consolidation of a new political system that fundamentally altered Romes political landscape, its socio-economic structures, cultural identity, and its relations with the wider Mediterranean world.This volume brings together ten essays offering fresh perspectives on key aspects of this transformative era. Representing a wide range of disciplines, the authors shed light on the nature, fluidity, and plasticity of the early principate and the new realities it shaped. They discuss traditional terminology and periodization, the distinctive discourses and policies of the Julio-Claudian emperors, and the role of individuals and institutions in shaping the processes of transformation. They also analyze the development of traditional offices and the emergence of new structural features, as well as the ways in which contemporaries and later historians perceived this period of change and crafted the narratives of one-man rule.

Oratory is one of the earliest necessities of society; as soon as men were organised on terms of equality for corporate action, there must have been occasions when opinions might differ as to the best course to be pursued, and, if there were no inspired king whose unquestioned authority could impose his will, the majority must decide whether to flee or to fight, to kill or to keep alive. Thus different plans must be discussed, and, in cases where opinion was evenly balanced, that side would prevail which could state its views most convincingly; and so the need for deliberative oratory arose.

Na pequena e pacata Jaguariaíva, no estado do Paraná, em meados do século XX, uma moça desiludida com o amor, decidiu investir as suas economias comprando uma casa na Rua da Saída e nela abrindo um lupanar que marcou epoca na ento pequena cidade. E naquela casa onde a ordem reinava por exigencia de sua dona, embora tivesse sido destinada ao prazer e a luxuria, muitas historias emocionantes ocorreram durante o tempo em que o lupanar subsistiu. Esta e uma historia veridica somada a imaginaço do autor.

It is almost exactly 2500 years ago that the decisive clashes of the Persian Wars at Thermopylae, Salamis and Plataia took place. These battles were attributed world-historical significance in antiquity and, even more so, in the centuries that followed. Yet, the details of what happened, as well as their military-political and cultural impact and detailed evaluation, have been the subject of much controversial research, not least because of the difficult nature of the sources. The present volume is the outcome of a conference held in Budapest which celebrated the anniversary of Xerxes expedition against Hellas by discussing old and new questions related to the war and the history of its reception. It was jointly organised by the editors of the volume and attracted speakers from around the globe. The volume brings together scholars of all branches of classical studies and related disciplines and is organised in two sections: (i) Graeco-Persian Wars, Diplomacy and Acculturation, (ii) Commemorating and remembering the war from antiquity to the present. 19 contributors from 10 different countries provide a good overview of ongoing studies in the field.

Os caminhos da mente são labirintos misteriosos, repletos de padrões, arquétipos e forças invisíveis que moldam nossa percepção do mundo e de nós mesmos. Em Os Mistérios do Livro de Enoque: Arquétipo

The power of the Roman Empire was under constant challenge. Nowhere was this truer than in Britain, Romes remotest and most recalcitrant province. A succession of idealists, chancers and reactionaries fomented dissent and rebellion. Some, like Caratacus and Boudica, were tribal chiefs wanting to expel Rome and recover lost power. Others were military opportunists such as Carausius and Allectus, who wanted to become emperor and were prepared to exploit everything Britain had to offer to support their bids for power. Each of these rebellions reads like a story in itself, combining archaeology with the dramatic testimony of the historical and epigraphic sources, and explains why Britain was such a hot-bed of dissent.

The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1754 BC. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world. The sixth Babylonian king, Hammurabi, enacted the code, and partial copies exist on a man-sized stone stele and various clay tablets.The Code consists of 282 laws, with scaled punishments, adjusting "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth" (lex talionis) as graded depending on social status, of slave versus free man. Nearly one-half of the Code deals with matters of contract, establishing, for example, the wages to be paid to an ox driver or a surgeon. Other provisions set the terms of a transaction, establishing the liability of a builder for a house that collapses, for example, or property that is damaged while left in the care of another. A third of the code addresses issues concerning household and family relationships such as inheritance, divorce, paternity, and sexual behavior. Only one provision appears to impose obligations on an official; this provision establishes that a judge who reaches an incorrect decision is to be fined and removed from the bench permanently. A few provisions address issues related to military service.Hammurabi ruled for nearly 42 years, c. 1792 to 1750 BC according to the Middle chronology. In the preface to the law, he states, "Anu and Bel called by name me, Hammurabi, the exalted prince, who feared Marduk, the patron god of Babylon (The Human Record, Andrea & Overfield 2005), to bring about the rule in the land." On the stone slab there are 44 columns and 28 paragraphs that contained 282 laws. The laws follow along the rules of an eye for an eye.