📱 eBook en inglés THE WHITE GOLD

"The White Gold – The forgotten war for the islands of bird poop" uncovers the bizarre 19th-century mania for guano (seabird excrement). Before synthetic fertilizers, dried bird droppings from the Chincha Islands of Peru were the most potent agricultural fuel on earth. Nations threatened war, enslaved workers, and redrew maps just to control these mountains of nitrate-rich waste.
Author Elias Stone details the "Guano Islands Act" of 1856, which allowed the US to claim any uninhabited island with bird droppings—a law still in effect today. The book describes the brutal conditions of the guano miners and how this resource boom saved Europe from famine while destroying ecosystems.
"The White Gold" is a tragicomic history of resource extraction. It shows how the desperate need to feed a growing population drove empires to fight over excrement, laying the groundwork for modern American imperialism in the Pacific.