In the age of climate change is the communist hypothesis still relevant Only a renewed communism a communism for life or a biocommunism will enable us to move beyond the ecological crisis of late capitalism Based on an original reading of founding texts of Marxism the author launches a critique of the ontological turn in ecology Against Bruno Latour or Donna Haraway he develops a philosophy for green Marxism based on the centrality of land ownership The history of societies and the history of nature are intertwined precisely because they have singular trajectories In a new reading of Karl Marx s exchanges with the populist terrorists in Russia the cultural studies of Raymond Williams and the Marxism of José Carlos Mariátegui s and Ernst Bloch s attachment to the land the author develops a philosophical naturalism in which human belonging to the Earth is transformed by the ways in which societies appropriate nature A political strategy is derived from this new philosophy of history ecological dual power ecological soviets is the communist strategy for getting out of the Anthropocene Communism must become environmentalism and political ecology can only become truly revolutionary if it becomes communist