Libros de Biografías y estudios de científicos, página 8 de 25

A revisionist completely accessible and radically inclusive history of maths Lively satisfying good at explaining difficult concepts The Sunday Times Mathematics shapes almost everything we do But despite its reputation as the study of fundamental truths the stories we have been told about it are wrong In The Secret Lives of Numbers historian Kate Kitagawa and journalist Timothy Revell introduce readers to the mathematical boundary smashers who have been erased by history because of their race gender or nationality From the brilliant Arabic scholars of the ninth century House of Wisdom and the pioneering African American mathematicians of the twentieth century to the lady computers around the world who revolutionised our knowledge of the night sky we meet these fascinating trailblazers and see how they contributed to our global knowledge today This revisionist completely accessible and radically inclusive history of mathematics is as entertaining as it is important

Lucinda Douglas Menzies Photo Researchers

Exploring one of the greatest potential contributors to climate change thawing permafrost and the anxiety of extinction on an increasingly hostile planet Climate scientists point to permafrost as a ticking time bomb for the planet and from the Arctic apocalyptic narratives proliferate on the devastating effects permafrost thaw poses to human survival In Earth Ice Bone Blood Charlotte Wrigley considers how permafrost and its disappearance redefines extinction to be a lack of continuity both material and social and something that affects not only life on earth but nonlife too Earth Ice Bone Blood approaches the topic of thawing permafrost and the wild new economies and mitigation strategies forming in the far north through a study of the Sakha Republic Russia s largest region and its capital city Yakutsk which is the coldest city in the world and built on permafrost Wrigley examines people who are creating commerce out of thawing permafrost including scientists wishing to recreate the prehistoric Mammoth steppe ecosystem by eventually rewilding resurrected woolly mammoths Indigenous people who forage the tundra for exposed mammoth bodies to sell their tusks and government officials hoping to keep their city standing as the ground collapses under

It may be surprising to focus on and praise imperfection but in reality perfection is a fiction Every aspect of our technologies is based on understanding and exploiting imperfections in the materials we use Imperfections are key to our use of metals glass electronics computers optical fibres and building materials Catalysis as used throughout chemical industries is dependent on imperfections as are a wide range of modern advances in biology and medicine This book provides examples in each area that are readily understandable to non scientists but also aim to offer a far deeper insight into how the technologies and disciplines advance and operate However once we change our focus from idealised perfection to reality the implications can extend far beyond the realm of the sciences The second part of the book examines the importance of our ability to recognise and adapt to imperfections in such wide ranging areas as cookery successful career development love life and the survival of humanity Using a broad range of accessible examples this book aims to give readers the tools to recognize technological imperfections and apply those lessons to improving several key aspects of our lives crucially enabling them to define a world that will survive curre

We live in the suburban era Well over half of all Americans and two thirds of Canadians live in suburbs Tracts of suburban bungalows ring Sydney and Melbourne Suburban apartments rise on the outskirts of Paris Prague Singapore and Beijing Nearly everyone has a strong opinion about suburbs Folks who love dense cities scorn suburbia while people who like big yards dislike bustling sidewalks and subways Social scientists argue whether contemporary suburbs are losing their luster or if a supposed back to the city trend is a mirage a debate that has been exacerbated by uncertainty over the effects of COVID 19 Suburbs A Very Short Introduction tackles two central questions What is the history behind a suburbanizing world What does the suburban trend mean for society politics and culture Two chapters describe the ways that the new technologies of streetcars trains automobiles and internet have allowed the compact cities of Britain and the United States to grow into sprawling metropolitan regions The following chapters explore the vertical suburbs of Europe and East Asia improvised or do it yourself suburbs in both North America Latin America and suburbs as places of employment The book concludes by exploring criticism and praise of suburbs in popular

fascinating Brian CoxThis is the story of citizen science Where once astronomers sat at the controls of giant telescopes in remote locations praying for clear skies now they have no need to budge from their desks as data arrives in their inbox And what they receive is overwhelming projects now being built provide more data in a few nights than in the whole of humanity s history of observing the Universe It s not just astronomy either dealing with this deluge of data is the major challenge for scientists at CERN and for biologists who use automated cameras to spy on animals in their natural habitats Artificial intelligence is one part of the solution but will it spell the end of human involvement in scientific discovery No argues Chris Lintott We humans still have unique capabilities to bring to bear our curiosity our capacity for wonder and most importantly our capacity for surprise It seems that humans and computers working together do better than computers can on their own But with so much scientific data you need a lot of scientists a crowd in fact Lintott found such a crowd in the Zooniverse the web based project that allows hundreds of thousands of enthusiastic volunteers to contribute to science In this book Lintott describes the exci

Even in the third decade of the twenty first century it is still harder for women to make a career in science than men Two centuries ago however at the beginning of the nineteenth century when science as we know it was just getting started the situation was far worse Then the very notion of a female scientist would have been regarded as something of an oxymoron From bestselling and award winning science writers John and Mary Gribbin Against the Odds highlights the achievements of women who overcame hurdles and achieved scientific success although not always as much as they deserved in spite of male prejudice as society changed over about 150 years from the middle of the nineteenth century to the end of the twentieth century There is Eunice Newton Foote who discovered the carbon dioxide greenhouse effect Chien Shiung Wu who discovered the law which allows matter to exist in the Universe today and Barbara McClintock who discovered how genes turn on and off With a foreword from astrophysicist Jocelyn Bell Burnell this book is not only a cautionary tale about the stifling effects of prejudice against women in science but a celebration of those who achieved success against the odds and an inspiration for the next generation

We live in an incredible period in history The Computer Revolution may be even more life changing than the Industrial Revolution We can do things with computers that could never be done before and computers can do things for us that could never be done before But our love of computers should not cloud our thinking about their limitations We are told that computers are smarter than humans and that data mining can identify previously unknown truths or make discoveries that will revolutionize our lives Our lives may well be changed but not necessarily for the better Computers are very good at discovering patterns but are useless in judging whether the unearthed patterns are sensible because computers do not think the way humans think We fear that super intelligent machines will decide to protect themselves by enslaving or eliminating humans But the real danger is not that computers are smarter than us but that we think computers are smarter than us and so trust computers to make important decisions for us The AI Delusion explains why we should not be intimidated into thinking that computers are infallible that data mining is knowledge discovery and that black boxes should be trusted

A radical proposal for how a tiny organism can transform our understanding of human relations Serving as both a guide and companion publication to the conceptual art project of the same name The Lichen Museum explores how the physiological characteristics of lichens provide a valuable template for reimagining human relations in an age of ecological and social precarity Channeling between the personal the scientific the philosophical and the poetic A Laurie Palmer employs a cross disciplinary framework that artfully mirrors the collective relations of lichens imploring us to envision alternative ways of living based on interdependence rather than individualism and competition Lichens are composite organisms made up of a fungus and an alga or cyanobacteria thriving in a mutually beneficial relationship The Lichen Museum looks to these complex organisms remarkable for their symbiosis diversity longevity and adaptability as models for relations rooted in collaboration and nonhierarchical structures In their resistance to fast paced growth and commodification lichens also offer possibilities for humans to reconfigure their relationship to time and attention outside of the accelerated pace of capitalist accumulation Drawing together a diverse set of voices

Praise for the previous edition A relaxed well written and information packed expedition discovering the history of eclipses The Sky at NightA complete guide to the most stunning of celestial sights a total eclipse of the Sun Totality The Great North American Eclipse of 2024 is the most comprehensive source of information photographs and illustrations to help readers understand and safely enjoy all aspects of solar eclipses It includes information on how best to photograph and video record an eclipse as well as abundant maps diagrams and charts as well as covering the science history mythology and folklore of eclipses This new edition focuses especially on the eclipse of April 8 2024 that passes across Mexico the United States and Canada including detailed maps precise locations and weather prospects

Enchanting to the point of escapism Simon Ings Spectator Hugh Aldersey Williams rescues his subject from Newton s shadow where he was been unjustly confined for over three hundred years Literary Review Filled with incident discovery and revelation Dutch Light is a vivid account of Christiaan Huygens s remarkable life and career but it is also nothing less than the story of the birth of modern science as we know it Europe s greatest scientist during the latter half of the seventeenth century Christiaan Huygens was a true polymath A towering figure in the fields of astronomy optics mechanics and mathematics many of his innovations in methodology optics and timekeeping remain in use to this day Among his many achievements he developed the theory of light travelling as a wave invented the mechanism for the pendulum clock and discovered the rings of Saturn via a telescope that he had also invented A man of fashion and culture Christiaan came from a family of multi talented individuals whose circle included not only leading figures of Dutch society but also artists and philosophers such as Rembrandt Locke and Descartes The Huygens family and their contemporaries would become key actors in the Dutch Golden Age a time of unprecedented intelle

Modern information technology permeates and transforms our world far more intensely than most of us realize It highlights major development lines and explains concepts such as artificial intelligenc

Dava Sobel acclaimed and bestselling author of Longitude chronicles the life and work of the most famous woman in the history of science and the untold story of the young women who trained in her laboratory For decades Marie Curie was the only woman in the room at international scientific gatherings and despite constant illness she travelled far and wide to share the secrets of radioactivity a term she coined She is still the only person to win a Nobel Prize in two scientific fields Her ingenuity extended far beyond the laboratory walls grieving the death of her husband Pierre she took his place as professor of physics at the Sorbonne devotedly raised two daughters drove a van she outfitted with x ray equipment to the front lines of World War I befriended Albert Einstein and inspired generations of young women to pursue science as a way of life Approaching Marie Curie from a unique angle Sobel navigates her remarkable discoveries and fame alongside the women who became her legacy from Norway s Ellen Gleditsch and France s Marguerite Perry who discovered the element francium to her own daughter Irene a Nobel Prize winner in her own right The Elements of Marie Curie deftly illuminates the trailblazing life and enduring influence of one of the most co

Ever wonder why soap bubbles become invisible right before they pop Or why lenses are so blue they look purple How is it possible to image black holes at the heart of distant galaxies The answer to all these questions is Interference This book tells the story of the science of optical interferometry mankind s most sensitive form of measurement and of the scientists who tamed light to make outstanding discoveries from lasers and holograms to astronomy and quantum physics In the past several years interferometry has been used to discover exoplanets orbiting distant stars to take the first image of a black hole to detect the first gravitational waves and to create the first programmable quantum computer This list of achievements points to the fertile and active field of interferometry for which this book provides a convenient and up to date guide for a wide audience interested in the science of light

Advances in technology often rely on a world of photons as the basic units of light Increasingly one reads of photons as essential to enterprises in Photonics and Quantum Technology with career and investment opportunities Notions of photons have evolved from the energy packet crowds of Planck and Einstein the later field modes of Dirac the seeming conflict of wave and particle photons to the ubiquitous laser photons of today Readers who take interest in contemporary technology will benefit from learning what photons are now considered to be and how our views of photons have changed in learning about the various operational definitions that have been used for photons and their association with a variety of quantum state manipulations that include Quantum Information astronomical sources and crowds of photons the boxed fields of Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics and single photons on demand the photons of Feynman and Glauber and the photon constituents of the Standard Model of Particle Physics The narrative points to contemporary photons as causers of change to atoms as carriers of messages and as subject to controllable creation and alteration a considerable diversity of photons not just one kind Our Changing Views of Photons A Tutorial Memoir pres

Science A Four Thousand Year History rewrites science s past Instead of focussing on difficult experiments and abstract theories Patricia Fara shows how science has always belonged to the practical world of war politics and business Rather than glorifying scientists as idealized heroes she tells true stories about real people men and some women who needed to earn their living who made mistakes and who trampled down their rivals in their quest for success Fara sweeps through the centuries from ancient Babylon right up to the latest hi tech experiments in genetics and particle physics illuminating the financial interests imperial ambitions and publishing enterprises that have made science the powerful global phenomenon that it is today She also ranges internationally illustrating the importance of scientific projects based around the world from China to the Islamic empire as well as the more familiar tale of science in Europe from Copernicus to Charles Darwin and beyond Above all this four thousand year history challenges scientific supremacy arguing controversially that science is successful not because it is always right but because people have said that it is right

A comprehensive overview of developments in augmented reality virtual reality and mixed reality and how they could affect every part of our lives

Discover the future of cybersecurity through the eyes of the world s first augmented ethical hacker In Human Hacked My Life and Lessons as the World s First Augmented Ethical Hacker by Len Noe a pioneering cyborg with ten microchips implanted in his body you ll find a startlingly insightful take on the fusion of biology and technology The author provides a groundbreaking discussion of bio implants cybersecurity threats and defenses Human Hacked offers a comprehensive guide to understanding an existing threat that is virtually unknown How to implement personal and enterprise cybersecurity measures in an age where technology transcends human limits and any person you meet might be augmented The book provides Exposure of a subculture of augmented humans hiding in plain sight Explorations of the frontier of bio Implants showing you the latest advancements in the tech and how it paves the way for access to highly restricted technology areas Discussions of cybersecurity tactics allowing you to gain in depth knowledge of phishing social engineering MDM restrictions endpoint management and more to shield yourself and your organization from unseen threats A deep understanding of the legal and ethical landscape of bio implants as it dives into the complexities

A global energy revolution is unfolding before our eyes ever growing numbers of electric vehicles on our roads laptops that last all day on a single charge and solar panels on our roofs all reliant on lithium ion batteries This revolution is happening at breath taking speed with the potential to completely transform key industries and the way we live For the first time in history we can now actually store this green energy we talk so much about Often referred to as the new oil lithium allows large amounts of energy to be squeezed into a very small space Demand is soaring and the lithium business is full of drama bitter rivalries shady deals and exceptionally talented visionaries such as Elon Musk who is building lithium battery giga factories across the world This book travels from the salt lakes of the Tibetan plateau where Chinese government linked companies extract lithium to Argentina Chile and Bolivia which hold the world s biggest resources of the mineral It reveals superpowers struggle to secure strategic supplies and the astonishing efforts of lone wolf inventors and entrepreneurs Lithium also explores the environmental impact of lithium extraction the limits to battery electrification and lithium battery recycling as the way forward

Se abordan en este libro los problemas relacionados con la sociología y la enseñanza de las ciencias desde una perspectiva de género (sesgos de género, invisibilidad-ocultación, impedimentos y naturalizacion de la situacion de las mujeres en la ciencia). El analisis va acompañado de numerosos ejemplos que ilustran las situaciones planteadas, como la falacia de los hemisferios cerebrales masculino y femenino o la medicina con sesgo de genero. Se trata de una reflexion completamente necesaria para entender los mecanismos que han operado y operan en la ciencia en femenino. Otra parte del libro se ha dedicado a analizar y descifrar los numerosos estereotipos que aparecen en el cine y en las series televisivas respecto al papel de mujeres en la ciencia. Seguramente no nos detenemos suficientemente a analizar el tratamiento, nada inocente, que reciben las mujeres, y que atributos se les da frente a los hombres. Finalmente, la ultima parte reconstruye el itinerario biografico de numerosas mujeres que desde la antiguedad hasta el presente se han dedicado a muchas disciplinas cientificas: botanica, astronomia, matematicas, medicina...