Libros de Física de la materia, nuclear y cuántica, página 9 de 25

La Física Cuántica es la física de nuestro siglo. Su contenido es hoy imprescindible no sólo para el físico, sino también para otros profesionales (químicos, ingenieros, médicos…). El libro ha sido r

Con motivo de la puesta en marcha del LHC, la máquina más grande y compleja jamás creada, el autor realiza un sugerente recorrido por la historia de las ideas más importantes en las que se basa nuestra comprension actual de la naturaleza y expone las preguntas aun sin respuesta, hasta llegar a la frontera actual de la fisica y lo que puede haber mas alla de la misma. ¿Que es y para que sirve el LHC? ¿Entraña algun peligro para el planeta? El autor examina tambien estas cuestiones y concluye que el LHC es necesario para el progreso de nuestro conocimiento basico y describe su utilidad para la sociedad.

A re-issued edition of this well-known modern quantum mechanics textbook. The Second Edition provides a graduate-level, non-historical, modern introduction of quantum mechanical concepts, from the Schrödinger Wave Equation to SO(4) symmetry and its application to solving the hydrogen atom, in one comprehensive and engaging volume.

Manual, concebut per a orientar l'alumnat de la llicenciatura de Físiques o el que projecta especialitzar-se en tècniques experimentals de les radiacions nuclears, que ofereix una guia per a aprofita

This book, first published in 2007, is an introductory textbook on quantum field theory in gravitational backgrounds intended for undergraduate and beginning graduate students in the fields of theoretical astrophysics, cosmology, particle physics, and string theory. The book covers the basic (but essential) material of quantization of fields in an expanding universe and quantum fluctuations in inflationary spacetime. It also contains a detailed explanation of the Casimir, Unruh, and Hawking effects, and introduces the method of effective action used for calculating the back-reaction of quantum systems on a classical external gravitational field. The broad scope of the material covered will provide the reader with a thorough perspective of the subject. Every major result is derived from first principles and thoroughly explained. The book is self-contained and assumes only a basic knowledge of general relativity. Exercises with detailed solutions are provided throughout the book.

The control of individual quantum systems promises a new technology for the 21st century - quantum technology. This book is the first comprehensive treatment of modern quantum measurement and measurement-based quantum control, which are vital elements for realizing quantum technology. Readers are introduced to key experiments and technologies through dozens of recent experiments in cavity QED, quantum optics, mesoscopic electronics, and trapped particles several of which are analysed in detail. Nearly 300 exercises help build understanding, and prepare readers for research in these exciting areas. This important book will interest graduate students and researchers in quantum information, quantum metrology, quantum control and related fields. Novel topics covered include adaptive measurement; realistic detector models; mesoscopic current detection; Markovian, state-based and optimal feedback; and applications to quantum information processing.

General Relativity: An Introduction for Physicists provides a clear mathematical introduction to Einstein''s theory of general relativity. It presents a wide range of applications of the theory, concentrating on its physical consequences. After reviewing the basic concepts, the authors present a clear and intuitive discussion of the mathematical background, including the necessary tools of tensor calculus and differential geometry. These tools are then used to develop the topic of special relativity and to discuss electromagnetism in Minkowski spacetime. Gravitation as spacetime curvature is then introduced and the field equations of general relativity derived. After applying the theory to a wide range of physical situations, the book concludes with a brief discussion of classical field theory and the derivation of general relativity from a variational principle. Written for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, this approachable textbook contains over 300 exercises to illuminate and extend the discussion in the text.

Max Born fue una figura clave en la revolución de la física cuántica del pasado siglo XX. Su vida, marcada por dos guerras mundiales, ejemplifica el despertar de la conciencia ética en la ciencia moderna. Asi, segun su pensamiento, la responsabilidad etica evita que la ciencia se convierta en "un simple instrumento de las industrias y de los gobiernos".

La producción abundante de energía eléctrica por métodos seguros y baratos ha revolucionado nuestra existencia, sobre todo desde los comienzos del siglo XX, momento del nacimiento de la Física Nuclear. El aprovechamiento de la enorme cantidad de energia almacenada en el nucleo de los atomos ha creado no pocos problemas sociopoliticos por causa, fundamentalmente, del desconocimiento delos principios, fenomenos y riesgos reales que confluyen en su transformacion en energia electrica.Como texto universitario de primer nivel, los dos volumenes del presente libro presentan de forma exhaustiva los principales temas de la Fisica Nuclear relacionados con los procesos que conducen a la obtencion de energia por fusion y fision nucleares, ademas de otras aplicaciones importantes.A lo largo de los doce capitulos que lo conforman, se describen los conceptos complejos de tales materias mediante amenas explicaciones asequibles a estudiantes universitarios de grado e incluso al publico en general con conocimientos basicos de Fisica propios del Bachillerato, sin la utilizacionde grandes desarrollos matematicos, pero con el maximo rigor cientifico. Asimismo, es un magnifico complemento para estudiantes y docentes del segundo ciclo universitario por la exposicion sencilla y de facil lectura de los diversos temas tratados.

Descubra la historia de algunos de los más grandes descubrimientos científicos y reflexione sobre el futuro de la física y la tecnología con esta fascinante guía por la física cuántica. Un libro que aborda un apasionante ambito de la fisica, con temas tales como la ecuacion del gato de Schrodinger, el funcionamiento de los laseres, transistores y microscopios electronicos, la conversion de los fluidos en superfluidos o lo que seria capaz de hacer un ordenador cuantico. Un libro que descompone lo basico para descubrir, disfrutar y absorber el que es, posiblemente, el aspecto mas fascinante y asombroso de la ciencia. En un momento en el que la mecanica cuantica de la electronica es indispensable en la vida cotidiana y los nuevos descubrimientos cuanticos ocupan los titulares de los informativos, tendra la ocasion de visitar universos multiples, viajar por la teoria de ondas y aprender lo suficiente para hablar con propiedad sobre el principio de incertidumbre y los misterios del entrelazamiento cuantico. Todo lo que hacemos y vemos tiene particulas cuanticas como base de la accion, aunque esas particulas sean muy diferentes de cualquier cosa que podamos experimentar directamente. Es la paradoja y el encanto de la mecanica o teoria cuantica que podra descubrir en esta obra.

Although ideas from quantum physics play an important role in many parts of modern mathematics, there are few books about quantum mechanics aimed at mathematicians. This book introduces the main ideas of quantum mechanics in language familiar to mathematicians. Readers with little prior exposure to physics will enjoy the book's conversational tone as they delve into such topics as the Hilbert space approach to quantum theory; the Schrodinger equation in one space dimension; the Spectral Theorem for bounded and unbounded self-adjoint operators; the Stonevon Neumann Theorem; the WentzelKramersBrillouin approximation; the role of Lie groups and Lie algebras in quantum mechanics; and the path-integral approach to quantum mechanics.The numerous exercises at the end of each chapter make the book suitable for both graduate courses and independent study. Most of the text is accessible to graduate students in mathematics who have had a first course in real analysis, covering the basics of L2 spaces and Hilbert spaces. The final chapters introduce readers who are familiar with the theory of manifolds to more advanced topics, including geometric quantization.

This book presents theoretical methods and experimental results on the study of multipartite quantum correlations in spin-squeezed BoseEinstein condensates. Nonclassical correlations in many-body systems are particularly interesting for both fundamental research and practical applications. For their investigation, ultracold atomic ensembles offer an ideal platform, due to their high controllability and long coherence times. In particular, we introduce criteria for detecting and characterizing multipartite entanglement, EinsteinPodolskyRosen steering, and Bell correlations. Moreover, we present the experimental observation of such correlations in systems of about 600 atoms.

This thesis sheds new light on the fascinating properties of composite quantum systems.Quantum systems of different sizes, ranging from small bipartite systems to large many-body ensembles, can be studied with the help of modern quantum optical experiments. These experiments make it possible to observe a broad variety of striking features, including nonclassical correlations, complex dynamics and quantum phase transitions. By adopting the complementary perspectives of quantum information theory, quantum chemistry and many-body theory, the thesis develops new methods for the efficient characterization and description of interacting, composite quantum systems.

Atoms, Radiation, and Radiation ProtectionDiscover the keys to radiation protection in the fourth edition of this best-selling textbookA variety of atomic and sub-atomic processes, including alpha, beta, and gamma decay or electron ejection from inner atom shells, can produce ionizing radiation. This radiation can in turn produce environmental and biological effects both harmful including DNA damage and other impacts of so-called radiation sickness and helpful, including radiation treatment for cancerous tumors. Understanding the processes that generate radiation and the steps which can be taken to mitigate or direct its effects is therefore critical in a wide range of industries and medical subfields.For decades, Atoms, Radiation, and Radiation Protection has served as the classic reference work on the subject of ionizing radiation and its safeguards. Beginning with a presentation of fundamental atomic structure and the physical mechanisms which produce radiation, the book also includes thorough discussion of how radiation can be detected and measured, as well as guide-lines for interpreting radiation statistics and detailed analysis of protective measures, both individual and environmental. Now updated by a new generation of leading scholars and researchers, Atoms, Radiation, and Radiation Protection will continue to serve global scientific and industrial research communities.

Known for its comprehensive coverage and up-to-date literature citations, this classic text provides students and instructors with the most complete coverage available of radiation detection and measurement.Over the decade that has passed since the publication of the 3rd edition, technical developments continue to enhance the instruments and techniques available for the detection and spectroscopy of ionizing radiation. The Fourth Edition of this invaluable resource incorporates the latest developments and cutting-edge technologies to make this the most up-to-date guide to the field available:? Covers many new materials that are emerging as scintillators that can achieve energy resolution that is better by a factor of two compared with traditional materials? Presents new material on ROC curves, micropattern gas detectors, new sensors for scintillation light, thick film semiconductors, and digital techniques in detector pulse processing

Sensors are effective tools used to carry out cost-effective, fast, and reliable sensing for a wide range of applications. This volume presents a brief history behind sensing technology and highlights a broad range of biosensing techniques based on optical and electrochemical response methods. Starting from the traditional enzyme-based biosensing method to functionalized nanostructure-based sensors, this book also provides a detailed overview of some of the advanced sensing methodologies based on photonic crystal cavity-based sensing devices.

This modern text describes the remarkable developments in quantum condensed matter physics following the experimental discoveries of quantum Hall effects and high temperature superconductivity in the 1980s. After a review of the phases of matter amenable to an independent particle description, entangled phases of matter are described in an accessible and unified manner. The concepts of fractionalization and emergent gauge fields are introduced using the simplest resonating valence bond insulator with an energy gap, the Z2 spin liquid. Concepts in band topology and the parton method are then combined to obtain a large variety of experimentally relevant gapped states. Correlated metallic states are described, beginning with a discussion of the Kondo effect on magnetic impurities in metals. Metals without quasiparticle excitations are introduced using the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model, followed by a discussion of critical Fermi surfaces and strange metals. Numerous end-of-chapter problems expand readers' comprehension and reinforce key concepts.