Libros de Estudios generales, página 38 de 209

Explora las asombrosas propiedades de númerosImagina un número tan largo que, si lo escribieras, ocuparía todo el universo. Aquí lo vas a encontrar, junto a todo tipo de números–reales, imaginarios,

Este texto recoge una introducción a los Espacios de Hilbert, desde el punto de vista más genérico de los espacios normados. La mayor parte del contenido puede encontrarse también en otros libros de texto sobre espacios de Banach y de Hilbert, pero la particularidad de este libro es la seleccion que se ha hecho de los contenidos mas relevantes para la formacion de un fisico. Algunos de ellos, como las Series y Transformadas de Fourier u otros temas interesantes, que amplian el contenido, estan simplemente referenciados. Ademas de los contenidos teoricos, el libro cuenta con un primer apendice sobre la Notacion de Dirac, de especial utilidad en Fisica.

Decision makers in many areas, from industry to engineering and the social sector, face an increasing need to consider multiple, conflicting objectives in their decision processes.In many cases these real world decision problems can be formulated as multicriteria mathematical optimization models. The solution of such models requires appropriate techniques to compute so called efficient, or Pareto optimal, or compromise solutions that - unlike traditional mathematical programming methods - take the contradictory nature of the criteria into account. This book provides the necessary mathematical foundation of multicriteria optimization to solve nonlinear, linear and combinatorial problems with multiple criteria. Motivational examples illustrate the use of multicriteria optimization in practice. Numerous illustrations and exercises as well as an extensive bibliography are provided.In the new edition a chapter on optimality conditions has been added. The linear programming part has been extended and includes new developments. Moreover, motivational examples are now introducing the majority of chapters.

Differential equations are the basis for models of any physical systems that exhibit smooth change.This book combines traditional teaching on ordinary differential equations with an introduction to the more modern theory of dynamical systems, placing this theory in the context of applications to physics, biology, chemistry, and engineering. Beginning with linear systems, including matrix algebra, the focus then shifts to foundational material on non-linear differential equations, drawing heavily on the contraction mapping theorem. Subsequent chapters deal specifically with dynamical systems concepts - flow, chaos, invariant manifolds, bifurcation, etc.An appendix provides simple codes written in Maple, Mathematica, and MATLAB software to give students practice with computation applied to dynamical systems problems. For senior undergraduates and first-year graduate students in pure and applied mathematics, engineering, and the physical sciences. Readers should be comfortable with differential equations and linear algebra and have had some exposure to advanced calculus.- Combines a traditional theoretical development of ordinary differential equations with a modern dynamical systems viewpoint and an emphasis on applications.- Provides a broad perspective on the development of invariant manifolds, bifurcation theory, chaos and geometric Hamiltonian dynamics.- Exercises and examples include applications to biological, electronic, mechanical, fluid, plasma and chemical dynamics.

For practicing engineers who are faced with problems of modeling.Written by a recognized authority in the field of identification and control, this book draws together into a single volume the important aspects of system identification AND physical modelling. Explores techniques used to construct mathematical models of systems based on knowledge from physics, chemistry, biology, etc. (e.g., techniques with so called bond-graphs, as well those which use computer algebra for the modeling work).Explains system identification techniques used to infer knowledge about the behavior of dynamic systems based on observations of the various input and output signals that are available for measurement. Shows how both types of techniques need to be applied in any given practical modeling situation. Considers applications, primarily simulation.Features- brings together all basic techniques for modeling of dynamic systems - with even stress on physical modeling and system identification. - describes how to create physical models and - in cases where these physical models contain unknown parameters - how to estimate these from data from actual experiments of a system. - explains how to form models from basic physical equations. Shows in a specific example techniques that can be applied to a multitude of situations. - shows how to use data to develop nonlinear models in a simple fashion. - considers how to identify systems in a closed loop. Describes the problems that arise when data are collected under output feedback and describes how to deal with such a situation successfully.

Matematicas

It has been over a decade since the release first edition of the now classic original edition of Murray''s Mathematical Biology.Since then mathematical biology and medicine has grown at an astonishing rate and has established itself as a distinct discipline. Mathematical modelling is now being applied in every major discipline in the biomedical sciences. Though the field has become increasingly large and specialized, this book remains important as a text that introduces some of the exciting problems which arise in the biomedical sciences and gives some indication of the wide spectrum of questions that modelling can address.Due to the tremendous development in recent years, this new edition is being published in two volumes. This second volume covers spatial models and biomedical applications. For this new edition, Murray covers certain items in depth, introducing new applications such as modelling growth and control of brain tumours, bacterial patterns, wound healing and wolf territoriality. In other areas, he discusses basic modelling concepts and provides further references as needed. He also provides even closer links between models and experimental data throughout the text.Graduate students and researchers will find this book invaluable as it gives an excellent background from which to begin genuinely practical interdisciplinary research in the biomedical sciences.

This textbook is aimed at newcomers to nonlinear dynamics and chaos, especially students taking a first course in the subject. The presentation stresses analytical methods, concrete examples, and geometric intuition. The theory is developed systematically, starting with first-order differential equations and their bifurcations, followed by phase plane analysis, limit cycles and their bifurcations, and culminating with the Lorenz equations, chaos, iterated maps, period doubling, renormalization, fractals, and strange attractors.A unique feature of the book is its emphasis on applications. These include mechanical vibrations, lasers, biological rhythms, superconducting circuits, insect outbreaks, chemical oscillators, genetic control systems, chaotic waterwheels, and even a technique for using chaos to send secret messages. In each case, the scientific background is explained at an elementary level and closely integrated with mathematical theory.In the twenty years since the first edition of this book appeared, the ideas and techniques of nonlinear dynamics and chaos have found application to such exciting new fields as systems biology, evolutionary game theory, and sociophysics. This second edition includes new exercises on these cutting-edge developments, on topics as varied as the curiosities of visual perception and the tumultuous love dynamics in Gone With the Wind.

Eratóstenes halló la longitud de la circunferencia de la Tierra asomándose a un pozo que reflejaba los rayos del Sol, pero quizá le sorprenda saber que, de todo el antiguo mundo occidental, solo allí podia hacerse ese descubrimiento. Otra historia mil veces repetida cuenta que Tales e Mileto, con la sola ayuda de un palo, pudo determinar la altura de la Gran Piramide, aunque un poco de astronomia plantea hoy serias dudas sobre la version popular.