Novedades del último mes en eBooks de Estudios y ensayos

Nel 1995 Peeter Torop, che succede a Urij Lotman a capo del dipartimento di Semiotica dellUniversita di Tartu, ha pubblicato Totalnyj perevod in russo. Si tratta di unopera fondamentale per lo sviluppo della disciplina che si occupa della traduzione. Colgo loccasione di presentare questo lavoro per fare una sintesi degli sviluppi della disciplina nellultimo mezzo secolo, delineando le prospettive che lapplicazione della semiotica allo studio della traduzione apre per il futuro.

La scienza ha lo scopo di far progredire la conoscenza nel modo meno indolore possibile, pubblicando congetture e sottoponendole alla comunità mondiale perché le falsifichi. Fino al momento della lor

Roman Jakobson has had a strange fate. Everybody knows his name and are willing to recognise him as an important character of the global cultural scene. Few, however, have read what he wrote beyond those four or five famous quotes. Quotes that, taken out of context, might not be understood completely and correctly. The selected works by Jakobson are in eight large volumes. Taking into account that he wrote on various other topics, from Russian literature, to Slavic philology, to phonology, to neurology, the pages devoted to themes that are relevant to translation semiotics are "only" a thousand. It is evident that Jakobson has so many things to tell us about translation and that so far we were quite reluctant to read him.Jakobsons approach to translation is a semiotic one. Someone might wonder what relationship there is between semiotics and translation. What does it matter to a translator the theory of the sign of Saussure or Peirce, since she faces practical texts, not theories? To this I reply with two points:1) all translators, even the most refractory to the theory, follow principles. The reason why it does not make sense "not to be interested in the theory" if you translate is that all translators, perhaps unwittingly, have a theory. We have a theory on how to peel an apple or how to dress pants even if nobody has taught us. We all have a mind whose operation can be parsed, and yet there are people who "are not interested" in psychology. Translation is an activity that inevitably forces its practitioners to think about their target reader, and to formulate a message that takes account of the recipient, and then to draw up a communication strategy. And each translator will read the original document, will process it using her innner mental nonverbal language, and will put out the translated text projecting it onto the receiving culture. Then the difference is between those who knowingly use the theory, and those who use it unconsciously.2) Any conception of translation is like an application program based on an operating system, and in this case the operating system is the theory of the sign. In other words, if you think that between the word dog and the animal in question there is an equivalence relation, you get a given theory of translation; but if you think that between the word "dog," and the animal in question there is a series of creative and non-reciprocal links, then you get a completely different theory of translation.This book comes from my reflection activities connected to my teaching work at Milans Civica Scuola Interpreti e Traduttori Altiero Spinelli and, in turn, will provide study materials for students in the coming years and at the same time, I hope, inspiration for new ideas in the minds of readers.For criticism, comments, messages you can write me at the address b.osimo@fondazionemilano.eu.Milan, July 17, 2016

Nei suoi studi sulla cultura Lotman ha espresso in modo implicito diverse idee che sono state rese esplicite dalla mediasfera contemporanea. Il presente articolo ha lo scopo di spiegare la connessione tra la semiotica della cultura di Lotman e la transmedialita come una delle pratiche comunicative piu innovative di oggi. In questo modo la transmedialita si colloca nel contesto dellautocomunicazione della cultura come meccanismo che ha funzioni creative e mnemoniche. Percio il concetto non e legato solamente alle questioni della costruzione testuale ma soprattutto allesistenza processuale del testo allinterno della cultura nei diversi linguaggi e discorsi dei media nel corso del tempo. Spiegando le origini e gli sviluppi del concetto dellautocomunicativita di Lotman, centrale per la comprensione della cultura nel suo insieme, larticolo mette in luce contemporaneamente le aree della semiotica della cultura lotmaniana che riteniamo rilevanti e produttive per la ricerca contemporanea sulla transmedialita.

Il bilinguismo e il sistema organizzativo minimo dellintelletto dinamico. Il dualismo tra gli emisferi grandi del cervello umano e la struttura complessa della vista sono la base gia al livello fisiologico del polilinguismo. Lincrocio reciproco dei sistemi semiotici inadeguati luno allaltro che sono scarsamente intertraducibili allinterno di qualsiasi unita semiotica e la base delle dinamiche delle strutture semiotiche. La possibilita di parlare linguaggi diversi allinterno di una certa unita semiotica e la base di tutti i processi intellettuali. Un modello notevole di questa costruzione si trova nellepisodio famoso della Divina Commedia di Dante, Canto di Ulisse I.

This book reflects my experience as a translation scholar, and a translation teacher, and a translator from Russian. The knowledge of the Russian language allowed me to read (and translate into Italian) crucial authors like Popovi?, Lyudskanov, Torop, Revzin and Rozentsveyg. Since not many Western translation scholars know them, we get as a consequence a translation theory which is split between West and East according to a sort of cultural Berlin wall.In this book I tried to synthesize both Western and Eastern point of views about the translation process.The terms that are used belong to both worlds.For an explanation of a more professional character, you can use my other book, "Handbook of Translation Studies", available both in paper and in ebook form.I have been teaching translation at the Civica Scuola Interpreti e Traduttori Altiero Spinelli in Milan, Italy, for 30 years, and translation theory for 20 years. My students made an important contribution to this book, through their feedback during lectures and exams. Year after year I had the opportunity to edit my text accordingly.For an explanation of the terms used in this book, I refer students to my Dictionary of Translation Studies.Bruno OsimoMilano, 7 July 2019

Translation science is going through a preliminary stage of self-definition. Jakobsons essay On linguistic aspects of translation, whose title is re-echoed in the title of this article, despite the linguistic approach suggested, opened, in 1959, the study of translation to disciplines other than linguistics, semiotics to start with. Many developments in the semiotics of translation particularly Torops theory of total translation take their cue from the celebrated category Intersemiotic translation or transmutation outlined in that 1959 article. I intend to outline here the contributions that the science of translation following a semiotic perspective opened by Peirce and continued by Torop can gather from another discipline: psychology. The totalistic approach to translation provided by Torop can be more deeply enforced by applying to it the consequences deriving from the psychological insight offered by the concept of interpretant as mental sign; the perceptual interpretation of the prototext; reading and writing as intersemiotic translation processes; unlimited semiosis as interminable analysis; primary and secondary process in dreams and in other kinds of translation; metaphor and disambiguation as mental processes; the defenses activated when translation criticism (review) and self-criticism (revision) are made.

Both interlingual translation shifts and poetic production can be seen in a semiotic perspective in terms of mental filtering. The shared ground of the three processes cognition translation versification is to be found in a semiotic perspective: signs (prototext, reality, perception) are interpreted and worked through (mind, interpretants, cognition) and give as an output an object (metatext, poem, worldview). By trying to classify the shifts resulting from such processes distortions with a semiotically shared grid of categories, the hypothesis is that the categories themselves already existing within the separate fields can be reciprocally fine-tuned. The very notion of shift derived from translation criticism, and in particular from the prototext-metatext comparison becomes in this hypothesis a connection transforming the shifts possible in the other mentioned fields into mutual benchmarks.

Este livro resulta do trabalho de mestrado desenvolvido pela autora no âmbito do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto. A obra dedica-se a analisar o direito à lí

This volume addresses the fields of naming and branding, in particular company and brand names, names in slogans, and advertising language in general, and all other proper names that are of economic interest in times of crisis. The contributions analyze both advertising on social media as well as printed material concerning commercial names, slogans for climate advertising, pandemic situations, new branding, and communication strategies in critical times, such as war and energetic deciency. The focus of the volume lies in stimulating reflections on how communication with consumers has changed, on current advertising and marketing strategies, and on naming in the face of sustainability and fairness. The current war scenario and the resulting problems concerning energy supplies, the increased migration in the Western European nations, and the political and social pressure to implement ambitious climate goals lead the economy and advertising agencies to profound reconsiderations.